MAKE A PROMISE TO YOURSELF – NOW
Make a personal commitment to yourself and your family that you will do everything possible to protect your family and your assets. Remember, doing nothing is a choice too.
IDENTIFY YOUR PERSONAL AND FINANCIAL GOALS
If you could have anything you want, personally and financially, what would it be? What are your dreams? How do you and your spouse want to spend your retirement years?
DISCOVER WHICH TOOLS YOU CAN USE
You have many legal tools at your disposal that, when used correctly, will create exactly the plan you want for yourself and your family. Ask your estate planning attorney to explain the tools that will achieve your personal and financial goals.
The tools of estate planning are covered in this book.
AVOID PROBATE AND THE COURT SYSTEM, AS APPROPRIATE
Create a family plan that, upon your passing, distributes your assets to your heirs without going through the Court-supervised process called probate. Most often a Revocable Living Trust is used for this purpose.
REDUCE INCOME TAXES WHENEVER POSSIBLE
Create a family asset protection plan that eliminates unnecessary income and capital gains taxes and minimizes all other taxes. Without proper planning, much of your estate can be lost to various types of taxes.
PROTECT YOURSELF WITH INSURANCE
Lawsuits can quickly tie up your assets. And if the other party wins the lawsuit, the judgment against you could quickly deplete your funds. If you drive frequently, own rental property, or operate a business, buy an umbrella liability policy that protects your assets from lawsuits.
PROVIDE FOR FUTURE HEALTH CARE AND FINANCIAL DECISIONS
Your family plan should protect you and your spouse if the time comes when either of you cannot make decisions.
Your estate planning attorney can make sure you have the legal documents in place so a competent, trusted person can make these important decisions according to your wishes.
PLAN NOW TO FUND NURSING HOME CARE
Sadly, many people think the only way they can pay for their nursing home care is by spending down their estate. But, in fact, you can fund your long-term care in ways that do not require that you spend down your estate. One common way is with long-term care insurance. Don’t wait until it’s too late to decide how to fund your nursing home care. Do it now, long before you need it.
PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO DEMENTIA
Many people who never expect Alzheimer’s disease to strike have had to face its problems with no planning. Plan for Alzheimer’s disease now, while you have time. This includes the need to address issues of backup decision-makers, assisted living, and nursing home care. If your children can care for you later in life, that’s fine. If they cannot, your planning will pay big dividends.
Plan for the worst — and hope for the best. Then, in either case, you will have all your bases covered.
KEEP ALL CONTROL WITHIN YOUR FAMILY
If you don’t plan properly, you could find that a friend or relative has petitioned the Court to intervene on your behalf. Once a judge gets involved, you have ongoing legal and accounting expenses, plus more problems and hassles than you would ever want to endure. The smart way to plan for your later years is to keep total control within your family.
CREATE YOUR PLAN NOW, WHILE EVERYONE IS COMPETENT
Seniors often come to our office seeking help only to learn that they are too late to correct a terrible situation. We feel awful when we must tell them that the much-needed planning should have been done two, five or ten years earlier.
Don’t wait until you need help to create your plan. By then, it’s too late.
REVIEW YOUR PLAN AT LEAST ONCE A YEAR
Every time your circumstances change or your goals change, you should change your estate plan. If your plan is not up to date, the unintended consequences to you and your family could be disastrous. Make an appointment at least every year to meet with your estate planning attorney. Then you can go over your plan and discuss any changes in your life circumstances.
MAKE PROPER BENEFICIARY DESIGNATIONS
Make sure your estate plan maximizes income-tax-free deferrals and minimizes income and estate taxes.
WORK CLOSELY WITH YOUR DOCTOR
Often skilled nursing services and home health coverage are terminated or denied with little or no input from your treating physician. Before you go without health care that could be covered by Medicare, talk with your physician about your concerns so that he or she can help you get the Medicare coverage you deserve.
THINK ABOUT FUTURE HOUSING OPTIONS
Start from the perspective of where you would like to live. Then determine if you could afford this option by comparing your monthly income along with your life savings to the initial cost and the ongoing financial commitment you would have to make. Make sure you consider
(1) your healthcare needs that will not be covered by insurance,
(2) financial security for your surviving spouse, and
(3) your desire to pass on a legacy to your children.
SECOND MARRIAGE AND NURSING HOME CARE
If you are not able to pay $6,000 per month to a nursing home and want your children from an earlier marriage to receive your property, a Marital Agreement alone will not do the trick.
Medicaid ignores these contracts and considers all the couple’s assets, whether owned jointly or individually, in determining Medicaid eligibility.
A better choice is to include in your Marital Agreement a provision that requires each spouse to obtain and maintain long-term care insurance. Also, you can include additional provisions that clearly state that the healthy spouse is able to take all necessary steps to protect his or her separate property from a Medicaid “spend-down.”
KEEP OPEN COMMUNICATIONS
If one of your children will be managing your finances, you should take specific steps to help him or her avoid conflict within your family.
Insist that your child disclose to other family members what has been done on your behalf. You can do this by adding this instruction to your Trust or General Durable Power of Attorney.
By doing this you accomplish two things: One, you keep everyone in the loop, so feelings of distrust are eliminated. And two, you reduce the risks of financial abuse because other family members will know how your finances are being managed.
DON’T LET INCAPACITY PUT YOUR FAMILY AT RISK
Many professionals are responsible for protecting frail and elderly people from predators. If your legal documents don’t provide clear legal authority and guidance on how to manage your assets, the police or adult protective services could step in and question your children’s actions and motives.
If authorities investigate your children’s actions, at worst, they could file criminal charges. At best, an investigation by adult protective services could return a “finding” of no current financial abuse. You can eliminate these risks to your children — and avoid becoming a burden to your children — with a competent estate plan.
HIRE A COMPETENT, EXPERIENCED ESTATE PLANNING ATTORNEY
The areas of estate planning and elder law are far too complex to hire just any attorney. Often, strategies used in estate planning to minimize taxes directly conflict with strategies used in elder law planning to protect assets and achieve Medicaid eligibility for nursing home care.
In situations where both goals are important, you and your family need a lawyer who has in-depth knowledge and experience with both sets of rules and strategies. Most attorneys are not qualified to provide these services. Make sure the estate planning attorney you hire has the knowledge, skill, judgment, and experience to create a competent plan for you and your family.
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